Bottle-neck-forming tool.



w. s. DORMAN. BOTTLE NECK FOBMING TOOL.

APPLIUATIOH FILED JUNE 29, 1010. 1,003,717.

W. S. DORMAN.

BOTTLE NECK FORMING TOOL.

Arrmonrox rmzn 111111129, 1910.

4Patented Sept 19,1911.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM S. DORMAN, F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIG-NOR T0 RICHARD ALBERT CANFIELD, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

BOTTLE-NECK-FORMING TOOL.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, l/VILLIAM S. DORMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bottle-Neck-Forming Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates particularly to an improvement in bottle-neck forming tools of the type described in Letters Patent N o. 920,550, granted to me May 4, 1909; and my primary object is to provide improvements in the details of said patented device, `enabling the tool to operate in an improved manner and with greater perfection and uniformity of results.

The invention. is illustrated in its preferred embodiment in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents an elevational view of my bottle-neck forming tool, a forminghead employed being shown brokenly, and the relation of the tool to a bottle-neck in the irst forming operation being shown; Fig. 2, an elevational view showing the relation of the tool to the bottle-neck in the second or final operation; Fig. 3, a longitudinal sectional 'view illustrating the manner in which the groove-forming levers are projected to form an internal retainergroove in the mouth portion of the bottle; Fig. 4, a section taken as indicated at line 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a broken perspective view showing the forming-head, mandrel, and attached groove-forming levers; Fig. G, a

broken sectional view of the forming-head, the section being taken as indicated at line 6 of F ig. 7, and passing through the outer forming-bits; and Fig. 7, a broken section taken as indicated at line 7 of Fig. G.

In the preferred construction, A represents a forming-head having a forwardlyprojecting mandrel A and a rearwardly projecting guide-stem A2; B, B, a pair of groove-forming levers pivotally connected with the forming-head A, as by means of pivot-screws l; and C, a collapsible holder for the tool, said holder comprising a pair of hand-levers 2 joined together at one end by a pivot 3, said levers embracing or flanking the forming-head A and operatively connected with the groove-forming levers B, B. The hand-levers 2 have extensions 4 provided on their inner surfaces with trans- Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led .Tune 29, 1910.

Patented Sept. 19, 1911.

serial No. 569,591.

verse grooves 5, whose surfaces serve in shaping the external surface of the bottleneck below the point of largest diameter of the head of the bottle-neck.

It may be stated here 'that the forminghead A is equipped in one plane with a pair of seat-forming bits, or van enlargement at the base of the mandrel affording a seatforming bit or bits, adapted to form the bottle-mouth internally, said bits being of segmental form and struck on a given radius from the axis of the device, and said head is equipped also in a plane at right angles with the first-mentioned plane with external lip-forming bits of segmental form struck on a larger radius, suitable concavities being provided between said last-named bits and the enlargement at the base of the mandrel to give the requisite form to the lipportion of the bottle.

The interior of the bottle-mouth and the lip of the bottle down to the point of largest external diameter are formed by means of the central forming-head before the co1- lapsible holder is compressed, and afterward the holder is compressed to project the operative ends of the groove-forming bits, and in the rolling operation which follows, the internal retainer-groove is formed and the downward extension of the external surface of the bottle-neck is completed.

The forming-head and forwardly projecting mandrel A are preferably formed from a piece of tool steel. Thus, the forming- `head comprises a block of metal provided in one plane with diametrically opposite segmental seat-forming bits 6 of comparatively small radius, and provided in a plane at right angles thereto with diametrically opposite segmental lip-forming bits 7 which are struck on a larger radius. The seatforming bits 6 constitute portions of a hub or enlargement 8 at the base of the mandrel. The front surface or edge of the enlargement 8 is counter-coned or recessed inwardly from the outer cylindrical surface of the hub, as indicated at 9, so that the seat for the seal or stopper of the bottle will be provided with a beaded or raised inner edge. The front surface or front edge of the hubportion 8 is recessed at points flanking the bits 6, as indicated at the points 10, said recessed surfaces 10 gradually merging with the front surfaces of the bits 6. The mandrel has a pointed forward extremity 11,

and two diametrically opposite sides o-f the mandrel are flattened, as indicated at 12. The flattened surfaces extend to near the hub S at the base of the mandrel, and taper to meet the circular surface at the base of the mandrel, as will be understood from F ig. 5. The `flattened surfaces 12 of t-he mandrel are on the two sides of the mandrel corresponding with the location of the external shaping-bits, or skirts, 7.

The block constituting the head A is elongated in one direction to carry the bits 7, having diametrically opposite approximately flat surfaces 13 equipped with enlargements 14 affording bearings for the pivots 1. Said bearings 14 and the sides of the block are cut or intersected by a slot or slots 15, which slot extends from the rear slot of the forming-head A to near the forward extremities of the small-radius bits 6, walls 16 being left in the rear of the front Working faces of the bits 6 to guard the front or operative ends of the groove-forming levers B, B, it being understood that the operative ends of said levers B, B', are normally sheathed in the slot or slots 15 in the rear of the walls 16. ends of the groove-forming' levers are kept from cont-act with the seal-seat in the bottleneck during the forming operation, said operative ends of said levers B lying in the rear of the blade portions of said bits 6 prior to the operation of collapsing the handle. rIhe outer surfaces of the bits 7 form continuations of the outer surface of the die-block. Between the blades of the bits 7 and the enlargement or hub portion 8 at the base of the mandrel are concavities 17 which conform to the shape of the lip-portion of the head of the bottle-neck. Said bits or blades 7 have inner operative surfaces 18 which are slightly convex inwardly, and which present straight line surfaces at their longitudinal centers, tapering laterally outward to form with the curved or part-cylindrical outer surfaces of the outer bits the thin longitudinal edges 19. The flat surfaces 13 constituting the reduced sides of the die-block are extended slightly in front of the enlargement 14, thus affording stop-surfaces 20 with which the projections 21 of the lever extensions 4 are adapted to contact when the holder C is collapsed, that is, during the final forming operation.

As shown in Figs. 3, 6 and 7, the stem A2 may be formed separately from the head A, the head being equipped with a socket receiving the adjacent end of said stem and the stem being secured by a transverse pin 22.

Each of the levers B, B carries at its inner or forward end a bit 23 which is normally sheathed in the corresponding groove, or slot, 15 of the head A, and each of said levers has its rear end connected by a pin,

rlhus, the operativev or screw, 24 with the corresponding handlever 2.

The hand-levers 2 may comprise metal members 25 and wooden blocks 2G applied to the outer surface of the intermediate portions thereof. The rear ends of the members 25 are curved and connected by the pivot 3. Confined between the pivotal portions of the members 25 is a leafspring 27 which has therein a perforation which serves as a guide for the rear end of the stem A2. The spring 27 normally holds the two levers separated, as shown in Fig. 1, in which position the operative ends of the levers B, .B are sheathed in the slots 15 back of the walls 16 at the front or operative ends of the bits 6. `When the handlevers are closed, the projections 21 above the transverse grooves 25 of the extensions 4 impinge against the lateral surfaces, or stops, 20 of the die-block, thereby limiting the inward movement of the hand-levers.

In the illustration given, the bits 6 are adapted to form an annular upturned rib 28 in the seat of the bottle-mouth, and the bits `i of the levers B, B are adapted to form an internal retainer-groove 30 located a litt-le above the seat in the mouth of the bottle. The bottle having a mouth thus formed is well adapted to receive a closure comprising a disk of cork, or other suitable sealing material, and a cap surmounting the same which is equipped with a retainer-ring, as illustrated in certain patents heretofore issued to me.

ln using the above-described tool, the bottlc-neck mouth is re-heated to the desired degree,l and the mandrel is then thrust into the bottle-neck and the holder or die-block is pressed against the mouth o-r head thereof, while the bottle is rotated and the tool held stationary, or vice versa. During this preliminary, or bottle-mouth forming operation, the jaws with which the hand-levers, or collapsible holder, are equipped remain uncompressed or in the inoperative position.

During the operation so far stated, the plastic glass of the bottle-mouth is forced into the forming-head and by the relative rotation of the tool and bottle, the shaping or forming concavities of t-he forming-head accurately shape the bottle-mouth, including the seal-seat and aperture above the same and also including the external surface of the head of the bottle-neck down to the point of greatest external diameter. Owing to the flattened sides of the mandrel and the re* duced surfaces 10 of the hub at the base of the mandrel, the mandrel, upon being thrust into the bottle-neck, at first produces a deformed opening and becomes embedded, as it were, in the plast-ic glass; and during'the relative rotation of the bottle and tool, the accurate shaping of the mouth and lips of the bottle results, the final forming of the seal-seat being accomplished by the front end surfaces of the inner bits 6. rlhus, the head and mouth ofthe bottle-neck are accurately shaped and formed, producing pre- `to the failure to so shape the tmb-portion or enlargement 8 at the base of the mandrel as to s-ecure the best results.

During the forming operation just described, the plastic glass of the portion of t-he bottle-neck shaped by the forming-head is partially and quickly chilled by contact therewith, but the surplus soft glass is forced downwardly by the action of the forminghead to a point below or beyond the external bits of the forming-head, as indicated at 31 in Fig. 1, in position to be acted on by the forming jaws of the hand-levers. The operator, in rolling the bottle after the application of the tool thereto, almost instinctively compresses the arms or handlevers to bring the jaws carried thereby to the'operative position, but the jaws do not reach said position until after the first forming operation has been largely performed. When the arms are thus swung toward each other, the levers B, B tend to force the forming-head longitudinally toward the bottle, and the forming-head thereby tends to swage or further compress the plastic glass of the bottle-neck beyond that portion of the head previously formed and chilled by the forming-head, and at about the same instant, the jaws are brought into operative contact with the soft glass of the rolling bottle and compress the glass properly to and around the reduced portion of the mandrel and properly againstI and into the annular concavity of the shoulder or front edge of the enlargement at the base of the mandrel to form the sealing-seat in the bottle-mouth. The working surfaces of the jaws also engage the soft glass which bulges out beyond the external bits of the forming-head and gradually work the same forwardly along the bottle-neck toward the pointed end of the mandrel.

The forming concavities 5 of the jaws of the holder are formed to work the surplus glass toward the body of the bottle and to smooth off the exterior of the bottle-neck downwardly or forwardly from the point of greatest bottle-head diameter and in smooth continuation of the external surface formed by the forming-head7 so that the jaws can easily be brought to their limits of forward movement and against the forming-head, as the portion of the glass chilled by the hood will not interfere with and prevent the full closing movement of the jaws. Usually the .rear or inner portion of each concavity 5, that is, the portion in the same transverse plane as the shaping eoncavities ofthe forming-head, is somewhat increased in depth to clear the glass surface previously shaped by the forming-head. This clearance is indicated at 32 in Figs. 2 and The advantage arising from properly guarding the operative ends of the grooveforming levers B, B during the opera.- tion of the tool upon the mouth of the bottle will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. Also, it will be understood that there is an advantage in flattening the opposite sides of the mandrel and in .relieving the front surface of the hub or enlargement 8 of the forming-head at the points l0, as these expedients enable the working surfaces to bury themselves in the glass, as it were, in the first portion of the operation, and in the final portion of the rolling operation, the round surfaces of the mandrel and the front surfaces of the bits 6 perform the final smoothing operation.

Practical experience has demonstrated that an implementl constructed as herein described will operate to accurately shape bottle-necks, enabling uniformity of product to be obtained under working conditions, and the work can be performed with facility.

Minor changes in details are contemplated. Hence, no undue limitation is to be understood from the foregoing detailed description.

lVhat I regard as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. ln a bottle-neck forming tool, the combination of a non-rotatably mounted forming-head having a central mandrel projecting therefrom and having also a pair of diametrically opposite seat-forming segmental bits struck on a given radius and a pair of dian'ietrically opposite lip-forming bits in a plane at right angles to the plane of said first-named bits and struck on a larger radius, said forming-head having slots with Valls in the rear of the operative end of said first-named bits, a pair of groove-forming levers pivoted in said head and having their operative ends sheathed in said slots back of said walls, and a collapsible holder for said tool having operative connection with said groove-forming levers.

2. In a bottle-neck forming tool, the combination of a non-rotatably mounted forming-head having a central mandrel projecting therefrom provided with opposite flattened surfaces, a seat-forming enlargement at the base of said mandrel provided with a front working face, said working face relieved or recessed at points corresponding with the flattened sides of said mandrel, lipforming bits struck on a larger radius from thelaXis of said mandrel7 groove-forming levers pivotally connected With said head, and a collapsible holder for saidtool having operative connection with said groove-forming levers.

3. ln a bottle-neck forming tool, the combination of a non-rotatably mounted formH ing-head having a central mandrel projecting therefrom and a seat-'forming enlargement at the base of said mandrel provided with a Working front face relieved or re cessed at two diametrically opposite points, said forming-head having also a pair of eX- ternal forming-bits struck on a larger radius and located in a plane corresponding with the plane of the recesses in the front Working face of said enlargement, a pair of groove-forming levers pivotally connected with said head and having bits normally sheathed in slots back of the front Working face of said enlargement, and a collapsible holder for the tool operatively connected With said groove-forming levers.

4. ln a bottleneck forming tool, the combination of a non-rotatably mounted forming-head comprising-a block equipped With open at the eut-away sides thereof, and a collapsible holder for the tool operatively connected With said levers.

WILLIAM S. DORMAN. ln presence of- CLAYTON l?. MGKENLY, ROBERT LEE SI-IRrYER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. v 

